meaning of ottawa euclid

1. Ottawa Euclid Euclid Ousterhout, John K. John Ousterhout Ousterhouts dichotomy John Ousterhouts division of high-level languages into "system programming languages" and "scripting languages". This distinction underlies the design of his language Tcl. System programming languages or "applications languages" are strongly typed, allow arbitrarily complex data structures, and programs in them are compiled, and are meant to operate largely independently of other programs. Prototypical system programming languages are C and Modula-2. By contrast, scripting languages or "glue languages" are weakly typed or untyped, have little or no provision for complex data structures, and programs in them "scripts" are interpreted. Scripts need to interact either with other programs often as glue or with a set of functions provided by the interpreter, as with the file system functions provided in a UNIX shell and with Tcls GUI functions. Prototypical scripting languages are AppleScript, C Shell, MSDOS batch files, and Tcl. Many believe that this is a highly arbitrary dichotomy, and refer to it as "Ousterhouts fallacy" or "Ousterhouts false dichotomy". While strong-versus-weak typing, data structure complexity, and independent versus stand-alone might be said to be unrelated features, the usual critique of Ousterhouts dichotomy is of its distinction of compilation versus interpretation, since neither semantics nor syntax depend significantly on whether code is compiled into machine-language, interpreted, tokenized, or byte-compiled at the start of each run, or any mixture of these. Many languages fall between being interpreted or compiled e. g. Lisp, Forth, UCSD Pascal, Perl, and Java. This makes compilation versus interpretation a dubious parameter in a taxonomy of programming languages.

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